Vegetables Support Eye Health

We’ve all heard it at some point in our lives: Carrots are good for our eyes. While that may not have enticed you to eat them, there was truth in the myth because of the valuable vitamins contained in those vegetables. Children’s eye care research has proven that eating certain vegetables supports your eye health throughout your lifetime.

1. Beta Carotene

The reason that carrots are highly touted to youngsters is because they are rich in Beta Carotene. This powerful antioxidant helps prevent major eye issues such as Cataracts and Macular Degeneration as you age. Sweet potatoes are another food that is rich in Beta Carotene, and you’ll also find this antioxidant in spinach.

2. Vitamin C

Another amazing antioxidant, vitamin C, supports the collagen in your body. Your cornea is comprised of collagen fibers so vitamin C intake is very beneficial to the health of that important eye structure. You may equate fruits with vitamin C but you may not realize that veggies such as raw broccoli and peppers are very high in the vitamin. Cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and spinach are additional veggies high in vitamin C. Children’s eye care specialists know the likelihood of your child voluntarily eating these foods may be minuscule, so you may need to get creative or sneaky.

3. Lutein

Age Related Macular Degeneration and cataracts can steal your sight as you age, but lutein is a vitamin that combats both diseases. Lutein is a substance found in the pigment of your eye, and is theorized to help filter light and prevent sun damage within your eye. Lutein-rich vegetables are kale, spinach, corn, broccoli, and squash and are most effective when part of a high fat meal, such as with red meat.

4. Vitamin E

Yet another vital antioxidant, Vitamin E protects your eyes from a thing called a free radical, which is a byproduct of your metabolism known to damage healthy cells. Nuts, especially almonds and sunflower seeds, sweet potatoes, and some enriched cereals are a good source of vitamin E. A diet rich in Vitamin E also helps in the fight against cataracts and macular degeneration.

Children’s eye care specialists recommend giving your child’s vision a healthy and strong foundation by incorporating as many of the foods above as your child will tolerate. For picky eaters, consult your child’s eye doctor for advice on supplements that will fill in the dietary gaps.

Play it Safe with Children’s Eye Care

Eye safety is an important issue for both children and adults. Since a child’s coordination and logical thinking have not fully developed, children are more vulnerable to eye injuries that can have a tragic and permanent result on their lives. Preserving your child’s vision requires a common-sense approach to life.

Eye Strain
Just as you can feel the effects of intensive computer work, your child’s focus on television and video game systems can have the same impact. Eye strain can cause headaches, fatigue, redness, drying, or watering of the eyes. To help your child avoid eye strain, require them to take a break after 20 minutes of video games or reading. For 20 seconds, have them look out the window or into another room.

Sports and Play
Children in sports typically receive better grades, live healthier lifestyles, and build confidence and self esteem. Considering all of those benefits, it can be easy to forget the dangers of sports and playtime. Children at play should be supervised, especially when children of mixed ages are within a group. Age-appropriate toys are a must, and toys that involve projectiles of any sort should be avoided. When participating in sports, children should wear eye safety equipment such as goggles or safety glasses since sports injuries are the most prevalent cause of eye injury in children.

Sun Protection
Whether a day at the beach or a day in the snow, your child’s eyes must be protected from the sun’s rays. Ultraviolet rays can damage young eyes, creating painful sunburn to the eye’s surface. Even in winter, sunbeams reflect off of snow and result in twice the UV exposure. Purchase property fitted sunglasses with UV blocking for your child and enforce their wear whenever activities take your family outside. Protecting young eyes can fend off cataracts and other degenerative vision issues in the future.

Working Safely
Children love to help mom or dad around the house and aid with projects like building or repairing the home. These activities are excellent for family bonding and developing a child’s coordination and confidence, but can be detrimental to their eye safety. Set an example by always wearing your safety glasses, and require your child to do so as well.

Teaching your child about eye safety is critical in ensuring healthy vision for their lifetime. Consult your Phoenix eye care professional for more ideas for protecting your child’s eyes today.

 

Is my Child Colorblind?

Vision issues in children can be difficult to diagnose since they may not have the capacity to verbalize a problem or know that they do not see normally. Colorblindness can be even more tricky to discover and can lead to misdiagnosis of learning delays or disorders. A children’s eye care specialist can identify colorblindness, but knowing some facts and symptoms may help you act more quickly.

Color vision is possible due to three “cones” in the nerve structure of the eye. Colored light strikes the appropriate red, blue, or green cone, deactivates the cones not in use, and transmits color information to the brain. For the colorblind, these cones may not have developed or have become compromised.

Most commonly occurring is red-green colorblindness, in which those two cones are unavailable and the person cannot process red and green.  Objects that are red or green may appear to be all the same shade. Very rarely complete colorblindness occurs, and the patient sees in black and white. Colorblindness is highly hereditary so if other family members are colorblind, chances are good that your child is too. Likelihood of colorblindness is also higher in boys than girls.

Symptoms of Colorblindness in Children

  • The child struggles with learning colors or calls two different colors the same name.
  • When coloring pictures, the child chooses odd colors for typical objects. For example, using a green crayon to shade in a person’s face could be an indicator of colorblindness.
  • If the child selects an outfit to wear, the colors may clash horribly.
  • The child cannot see text or shapes that are drawn against a certain color background, such as a green chalkboard.
  • The child withdraws from activities that involve color identification, including any sport that has colored boundary lines drawn on the ground.

In small children, it can be difficult to identify colorblindness since they are still learning colors and numbers. To mitigate this, children’s eye care providers use a test employing animal shapes instead of numbers to discover if a child sees colors normally. A field of colored dots is the background for shapes in varying colors. If the child cannot pick out the shapes, this indicates a color vision issue.

Colorblindness in children can result in bullying, difficulty learning, and socialization issues. If you suspect that your child is colorblind or having any vision issues, consult a children’s eye care specialist promptly.

Safe Toys and Gifts Month

As the holidays approach and gift giving opportunities abound, thinking about eye care before purchasing can help protect your friends and loved ones while they have fun. December is Safe Toys and Gifts Month and these tips can help you identify the items to give and avoid.

Phoenix Eye Doctors

Photo credit: JD Hancock / Foter / CC BY

Consider Age

When shopping for toys and gifts, it is important to consider the age appropriateness of items. Never give a toy designed for an older child to one who is younger since they may not yet have adequate reasoning or the coordination to use the toy in the way in which it is intended. Smaller children tend to turn most items into projectiles which can mean instant disaster. Toys with sharp or rigid edges can cause eye damage very quickly in the wrong hands. Read warnings, heed product labels, and supervise playtime — especially whenever a mixed age group is playing together.

Create Good Habits

Tools are a fantastic gift idea for many age ranges, but how do you give them with confidence that the recipient will safely use the item? When gifting to a child or young person, including a pair of safety glasses with the gift is a great way to encourage good habits and focus on eye care. Teaching him or her the proper way to use tools and reinforcing that message by also wearing safety glasses during operation will help illustrate the message that  vision protection is a very big deal.

Common Sense

Some items should not even be considered a possibility when deciding on toys and gifts. BB guns or other toy weapons that shoot projectiles are an obvious menace. Fireworks classified as toys are also extremely dangerous and in the interest of eye care should be left out of occasions. Be sure when giving athletic equipment of any sort that the appropriate safety equipment accompanies the gift, including the proper eyewear or goggles.

Any toy or gift could be dangerous when in the wrong hands. Consider the potential for harm before purchasing items for children under 14. Provide the right protective wear and set a good example for using gift items properly. Following these tips will help protect the precious vision of your loved ones so they may see clearly for decades to come.

Is My Child Ready for Contacts?

Among the many questions and apprehensions that a parent faces as their children grow up, is what is the right age for kids to move on to contact lenses.  While many children’s eye care specialists advocate that a child as young as 11 years old can benefit from wearing contact lenses it is important to know that each child is different and handles responsibilities differently. A parent should carefully assess their child’s level of responsibility before allowing the child to graduate into wearing lenses.

J Walline, assistant professor at Ohio State University states that “wearing contact lenses can instill confidence in a young child and help her perform better. However the child must also be able to understand the importance of caring for their lenses and eyes”.

Here are a few questions that can help you decide if your child  is ready to see an eyecare specialist to get a prescription for contact lenses.

Does your child complete small chores without having repeatedly asked to do so?

Children who are responsible about  small chores and keep you informed about their whereabouts will be responsible and diligent about their lenses too.

Is your child clean and hygienic?

Being clean and maintaining good hygiene is important with regards to children’s eye care and use of lenses as well. Poor hygiene and lack of care towards lenses can lead to eye infections. A child who cannot remember to take off her lenses or clean them properly may not be ready for lenses yet.

Is your child unhappy with her glasses?

A child who is unhappy with their glasses is more likely to take good care of their contact lenses to avoid having to switch back to eye glasses.

Can your child understand and follow instructions given by an eye doctor?

This is very important as the child needs to be able to store the lenses properly and be able to properly put them on and take them off. While putting the lenses on the wrong side may not cause damage to the eyes it can cause discomfort and redness of the eyes.

Does your child love sports?

A child who is actively involved in sports can benefit from wearing sports contact lenses. These lenses provide better peripheral vision as well as unobstructed field view which will help your child excel in sports.

Top 4 Signs Your Kid Needs an Eye Exam

It is difficult to notice eye problems in children because they usually don’t understand that they’re experiencing trouble. Kids assume that everyone ‘sees’ things exactly the same way and develop an innate mechanism of coping. However, just because your little one is not complaining doesn’t mean that they are not facing potentially irreversible vision problems which can interfere with their learning.

Yes, that’s right; visual aids/mechanisms account for more than 80% of a child’s early learning. Hence, vision abnormality is not something that you should neglect callously.

Thankfully, there are a few signs that point towards an imminent children’s eye exam:

1)   Reading and/or watching TV too closely

This is one of the most noticeable signs that your kid’s eyesight is less than ideal. If you see them holding their book very close to their eyes, take the book a bit further away from their face and check if they’re able to read properly. The same holds true for television as well. In any case, you may want to consider this as a sign that there is something more than meets the eye (no pun intended).

2)   Covering eyes/blinking and squinting

These are other very important signs. Children with vision troubles oftentimes squint, blink frequently and/or rub their eyes while reading, watching TV, or playing video games. If you happen to notice them do that, it’s perhaps time for a precautionary children’s eye exam even though their vision might be just fine.

3)   Headaches

While headaches can also be attributed to a host of other reasons, they are probably the most common symptom of an impending eye trouble like amblyopia or glaucoma. If your little one starts having frequent headaches, don’t think twice before taking him/her to the ophthalmologist for a routine check-up.  Another good indicator of a poor vision is when they feel better immediately after closing their eyes.

4)   Tilting

Many kids with inadequate vision may tilt their head while reading so as to view the text with just one eye. This may be a sign that they’re unable to see clearly with the other eye and hence, may warrant a thorough children’s eye exam.

Your child’s vision is incredibly precious and should not be compromised with. Even if your child is not experiencing any of the above symptoms, it would not hurt to arrange an annual children’s eye exam for precaution’s sake.

 

Home Eye Safety Month

October is Home Eye Safety Month and that means now is a good time to read up on how you can protect your eyes and eye-sight.

Eye injuries can affect a significant part of our lives, from work performance to family life. The American Academy of Ophthalmology states that almost 50 percent of all eye injuries happen in the home from daily activities such as cooking, cleaning or home repairs. Other eye injuries can take place outside the home; mowing the lawn, barbecuing, or automotive repairs.

Here are seven tips to make sure you mindfully protect your eyes in and outside the home.

  1. Safety glasses are key for eye health when using a lawn mower, edging tool or weed trimmer. If you’re using hazardous products such as an oven cleaner, or bleach, safety glasses can protect your eyes from volatile splashes.
  2. Regular prescription glasses don’t provide enough protection. If you wear prescription glasses, many safety goggles will fit over your regular glasses.
  3. Eye careYou can find three types of safety lenses that meet the requirements for protecting your eyes. Glass lenses can be used around harsh chemicals. Plastic lenses are lighter weight and not likely to fog. Polycarbonate lenses are stronger than glass or plastic.
  4. Using grease shields will prevent hot oil from splattering up into your face and eyes. And keeping your kitchen tools in good shape, such as knives routinely sharpened, will prevent any breakage or flying material or hard foods into the eye.
  5. Wear sunglasses with protective lenses that block out those damaging UVA and UVB rays.
  6. If you have children, make sure that they also are fitted with sunglasses to protect their eyes from sand, dirt and debris outside, as well as from those harmful UV rays.
  7. Finally make sure that all of your tools and cleaners are locked away and out of reach of children.

Prevent Blindness America offers information on eye-care both in-home and at work, including first-aid for eye injuries. They also provide a list of common eye myths, such as thinking there is nothing you can do to prevent sight loss. Regular eye exams and proper safety eyewear can save your sight.

Remember to keep up on proper eye health during October Home Eye Safety Month. Proper eye health should include a regular scheduled exam, whether or not you’re experiencing eye trouble.

What is Uveitis?

Uveitis is inflammation of the eye’s uvea, an area that consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid. The iris is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil. The ciliary body is located behind the iris and produces the fluid that fills the anterior part of the eye. The choroid is the layer of tiny blood vessels in the back of the eye that nourishes the light-sensitive retina.

Uveitis is classified by which part of the uvea it affects: Anterior uveitis refers to inflammation of the iris alone (called iritis) or the iris and ciliary body. Anterior uveitis is the most common form. Intermediate uveitis refers to inflammation of the ciliary body. Posterior uveitis is inflammation of the choroid. Diffuse uveitis is inflammation in all areas of the uvea.

Many cases of uveitis are chronic, and they can produce numerous possible complications that can result in vision loss, including cataracts, glaucoma and retinal detachment.

Uveitis signs and symptoms

Uveitis most commonly affects people in their 20s to their 50s. Signs and symptoms of uveitis include red eyes, pain, sensitivity to light, blurred vision and dark spots moving across your field of vision (floaters). These signs and symptoms may occur suddenly and worsen quickly.

If you experience any of these potential warning signs of uveitis, see your eye doctor immediately.

What causes uveitis?

The cause of uveitis is often unknown. However, in some cases, it has been associated with: Eye injuries.

Inflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.

Viral infections, such as herpes simplex or herpes zoster.

Autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis.

Other infections, including toxoplasmosis and histoplasmosis.

Uveitis treatment

To treat uveitis, your eye doctor may prescribe a steroid to reduce the inflammation in your eye. Whether the steroid is in eye drop, pill or injection form depends on the type of uveitis you have. Because anterior uveitis affects the front of the eye, it’s easy to treat with eye drops. Intermediate uveitis can go either way, and posterior uveitis usually requires orally-administered medication or injections.

If an infection is suspected as the cause of your uveitis, your doctor may also prescribe additional medications to bring the infection under control. And if your uveitis has caused elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in your eyes, drugs to reduce IOP to normal levels may also be used.

The duration of treatment for uveitis is often determined by the part of your eye that’s affected. With proper treatment, anterior uveitis can clear up in a matter of days to weeks. Posterior uveitis, on the other hand, may require a much longer period of treatment before it is completely under control.

Episodes of uveitis can recur. See your eye doctor immediately if signs and symptoms of uveitis reappear after successful treatment.

For more information on uveitis and other eye conditions, visit All About Vision®.

Eye Exams for Children

As a parent, you may wonder whether your pre-schooler has a vision problem or when a first eye exam should be scheduled.

Eye_Exams_for_childrenEye exams for children are extremely important. Experts say 5 percent-10 percent of pre-schoolers and 25 percent of school-aged children have vision problems. Early identification of a child’s vision problem is crucial because, if left untreated, some childhood vision problems can cause permanent vision loss.

When should kids have their eyes examined?

According to the American Optometric Association (AOA), infants should have their first comprehensive eye exam at 6 months of age. Children then should receive additional eye exams at 3 years of age, and just before they enter kindergarten or the first grade at about age 5 or 6.

For school-aged children, the AOA recommends an eye exam every two years if no vision correction is required. Children who need eyeglasses or contact lenses should be examined annually or according to their eye doctor’s recommendations.

Early eye exams also are important because children need the following basic visual skills for learning:

  • Near vision
  • Distance vision
  • Eye teaming (binocularity) skills
  • Eye movement skills
  • Focusing skills
  • Peripheral awareness
  • Eye/hand coordination

Because of the importance of good vision for learning, some states require an eye exam for all children entering school for the first time.

Scheduling your child’s eye exam

Your family doctor or pediatrician likely will be the first medical professional to examine your child’s eyes. If eye problems are suspected during routine physical examinations, a referral might be made to an ophthalmologist or optometrist for further evaluation. Eye doctors have specific equipment and training to help them detect and diagnose potential vision problems.

When scheduling an eye exam, choose a time when your child is usually alert and happy. Specifics of how eye exams are conducted depend on your child’s age, but an exam generally will involve a case history, vision testing, determination of whether eyeglasses are needed, testing of eye alignment, an eye health examination and a consultation with you regarding the findings.

After you’ve made the appointment, you may be sent a case history form by mail, or you may be given one when you check in at the doctor’s office. The case history form will ask about your child’s birth history (also called perinatal history), such as birth weight and whether or not the child was full-term. Your eye doctor also may ask whether complications occurred during the pregnancy or delivery. The form will also inquire about your child’s medical history, including current medications and past or present allergies.

Be sure to tell your eye doctor if your child has a history of prematurity, has delayed motor development, engages in frequent eye rubbing, blinks excessively, fails to maintain eye contact, cannot seem to maintain a gaze (fixation) while looking at objects, has poor eye tracking skills or has failed a pediatrician or pre-school vision screening.

Your eye doctor will also want to know about previous ocular diagnoses and treatments involving your child, such as possible surgeries and glasses or contact lens wear. Be sure you inform your eye doctor if there is a family history of eye problems requiring vision correction, such as nearsightedness or farsightedness, misaligned eyes (strabismus) or amblyopia (“lazy eye”).

Eye testing for infants

It takes some time for a baby’s vision skills to develop. To assess whether your infant’s eyes are developing normally, your eye doctor may use one or more of the following tests:

  • Tests of pupil responses evaluate whether the eye’s pupil opens and closes properly in the presence or absence of light.
  • “Fixate and follow” testing determines whether your baby can fixate on an object (such as a light) and follow it as it moves. Infants should be able to perform this task quite well by the time they are 3 months old.
  • Preferential looking involves using cards that are blank on one side with stripes on the other side to attract the gaze of an infant to the stripes. In this way, vision capabilities can be assessed.

Eye testing for pre-school children

Pre-school children can have their eyes thoroughly tested even if they don’t yet know the alphabet or are too young or too shy to answer the doctor’s questions. Some common eye tests used specifically for young children include:

  • LEA Symbols for young children are similar to regular eye tests using charts with letters, except that special symbols in these tests include an apple, house, square and circle.
  • Retinoscopy is a test that involves shining a light into the eye to observing how it reflects from the retina (the light-sensitive inner lining of the back of the eye). This test helps eye doctors determine the child’s eyeglass prescription.
  • Random Dot Stereopsis uses dot patterns to determine how well the two eyes work as a team.

Eye and vision problems that affect children

Besides looking for nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism (refractive errors), your eye doctor will be examining your child’s eyes for signs of these eye and vision problems commonly found in young children:

Amblyopia. Also commonly called “lazy eye,” this is decreased vision in one or both eyes despite the absence of any eye health problem or damage. Common causes of amblyopia include strabismus (see below) and a significant difference in the refractive errors of the two eyes. Treatment of amblyopia may include patching the dominant eye to strengthen the weaker eye.

 

Strabismus. This is misalignment of the eyes, often caused by a congenital defect in the positioning or strength of muscles that are attached to the eye and which control eye positioning and movement. Left untreated, strabismus can cause amblyopia in the misaligned eye. Depending on its cause and severity, surgery may be required to treat strabismus.

 

Convergence insufficiency. This is the inability to keep the eye comfortably aligned for reading and other near tasks. Convergence insufficiency can often be successfully treated with vision therapy, a specific program of eye exercises.

 

Focusing problems. Children with focusing problems (also called accommodation problems) may have trouble changing focus from distance to near and back again (accommodative infacility) or have problems maintaining adequate focus for reading (accommodative insufficiency). These problems often can be successfully treated with vision therapy.

 

Eye teaming problems. Many eye teaming (binocularity) problems are more subtle than strabismus. Deficiencies in eye teaming skills can cause problems with depth perception and coordination.

Vision and learning

Experts say that 80% of what your child learns in school is presented visually. Undetected vision problems can put them at a significant disadvantage. Be sure to schedule a complete eye exam for your child prior to the start of school.

For more information on eye exams and vision problems, visit All About Vision®.

Free images from FreeDigitalPhotos.net

Children and Computer Vision Syndrome

Computer use has become a routine part of kids’ lives.

low vision valley eyecareSurveys show the average American child spends one to three hours daily on a computer while surfing the Internet, doing homework, talking online with friends and playing video games. About 90% of school-aged children in the U.S. have access to a computer at home or in school.

And kids are starting to use computers at a younger age. Among college students who were interviewed, 20% said they began using a computer before they were 9 years old.

A connection between computer use and myopia?

So how is all this computer use at a young age affecting kids’ eyes?

Many eye doctors who specialize in children’s vision say sustained computer use puts kids at higher risk for childhood myopia (nearsightedness). They point out that, though myopia affects approximately 25% of the U.S. population, nearly 50% of adult computer users with a college education are nearsighted. Computer use, especially among youngsters whose eyes are still changing, may be the reason for this disparity.

Research seems to support this theory. A study of 253 children between the ages of 6 and 10 at the University of California at Berkeley School of Optometry found a strong correlation between the amount of time young children spend on the computer and their development of nearsightedness.

Why computers can be hard on kids’ eyes

Computer use stresses the eyes more than reading a book or magazine because it’s harder to maintain focus on computer-generated images than on printed images.

This is especially true for young children, whose visual system is not fully developed.

According to the American Optometric Association, children may be especially vulnerable to computer-related vision problems because:

  • Children have a limited degree of self-awareness. They may perform a task on the computer for hours with few breaks. This prolonged activity can cause focusing and eyestrain problems.
  • Children assume that what they see and how they see is normal – even if their vision is impaired or slowly deteriorating.
  • Children are smaller than adults. Because computer workstations are often arranged for adult use, this can increase the risk of children sitting too near the screen or adopting unusual postures that can lead to eyestrain and neck, shoulder and back pain.

Tips for preventing Computer Vision Syndrome in children

To prevent your child from developing eyestrain and other CVS symptoms (including increasing myopia), follow these tips:

  1. Before they start school, make sure your kids have a comprehensive eye exam–including an assessment of their near-point (computer and reading) vision skills.
  2. Make sure your child’s computer workstation is arranged to suit body size. For children, the recommended distance between the monitor and the eye is 18 to 28 inches to avoid risk of eyestrain with closer viewing. Also, the screen should be a few inches below the child’s eyes. The chair should be adjusted so arms are parallel with the desk surface and feet rest comfortably on the floor. These adjustments help avoid posture problems and strained muscles.
  3. Be aware of the signs and symptoms of vision problems, such as eye redness, frequent rubbing of the eyes, head turns and other unusual postures or complaints of blurriness or eye fatigue. Avoidance of the computer or school work may also indicate a vision problem.

If you suspect your child may be developing a vision problem related to computer use, be sure to mention this when you make an appointment for an eye exam. Your doctor may want to set aside extra time to perform tests specifically designed to detect computer vision problems.